Searching for potential biomarkers reflecting early injury and progressive of podocytes in nephropathy based on cellular metabolomics combined with ROC analysis / 药学学报

The pathogenesis of the nephrotic syndrome is complex and the pathological types are diverse, so the minor symptoms in its early phases are difficult to detect. Renal biopsy is the gold indicator for the diagnosis of renal pathology and progression, but poor patient compliance shows, and the optimal treatment time is often delayed. Therefore, the discovery of biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring is of great clinical significance. In this study, doxorubicin-injured podocyte models were used to simulate human kidney disease at different stages of progression. LC-MS-based metabolomic technology combined with statistical methods was used to screen and identify the potential biomarkers associated with early injury or progression of podocytes. The results of cell viability, apoptosis tests and podocyte structural protein analysis showed that the model was successfully constructed, and the degree of podocyte injury was significantly different between the two modeling methods. According to VIP > 1 and P < 0.05 based on the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model, nine differential metabolites reflecting early podocyte injury and twelve differential metabolites reflecting the injury progression were screened, respectively. ROC analysis was adopted to focus on the potential biomarkers that can reflecting the early podocyte injury including L-tryptophan, guanosine triphosphate (GTP), 5′-thymidylic acid (dTMP) and thymidine, and the biomarkers reflecting the injury progression of podocytes composed of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine acid, uridine 5′-diphosphate (UDP) and guanosine 5′-diphosphate (GDP) AUC > 0.85. It indicated that these eight metabolites may have high sensitivity and diagnostic ability. This study provides a reference for the research on biomarkers of progressive diseases.

Comparison of the application methods and effects of skin flaps in the repair of defects in different parts of the nose according to the concept of aesthetic nosesubunits / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To analyze the difference of application methods and effects of local flap in small and medium-sized defects of different aesthetic subunits of nose, in order to provide reference for clinical work. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on 59 patients with external nasal masses and scars who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from July 1, 2021 to January 30, 2022, including 27 females and 32 males, aged 15 to 69 years. Using Likert scale, the repair methods and effects of local flap for nasal soft tissue defects were evaluated and summarized from three aspects of texture, flatness and scar concealment. GraphPad Prism 5.0 software was used for data statistics and analysis. Results: The use of skin flaps to repair small and medium-sized areas of the nose could achieve satisfactory results. For patients with different subunits, in terms of skin flatness and scar concealment degree in the operation area, patients' satisfaction with the dorsal and lateral nasal areas was higher than that of the alar and tip areas, respectively (F=6.40, P=0.001; F=10.57, P<0.001). For patients with different skin flap repair methods, the satisfaction of patients with Z-plasty and Dufourmentel skin flap was higher than that of other skin flap repair methods (F=4.38, P=0.002), and the satisfaction of patients with Dufourmentel skin flap was the highest in the degree of scar concealment (F=2.57, P=0.038). Conclusions: In the small and medium-sized defects of the nose, the use of multiple local flaps can achieve good cosmetic effects and functional recovery. The operator should select the appropriate flap repair method according to the characteristics of different aesthetic subunits of the nose.

Clinical analysis of 15 pregnant women complicated with moyamoya disease / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To explore the effects of pregnancy complicated with moyamoya disease on maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: The general clinical data and maternal and fetal outcomes of 20 pregnancies of 15 patients with moyamoya disease admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2012 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: (1) General information: among the 20 pregnancies of 15 clearly diagnosed pregnant women complicated with moyamoya disease, 12 were diagnosed before pregnancy (60%, 12/20), 3 were diagnosed during pregnancy (15%, 3/20), and 5 were diagnosed during puerperal period (25%, 5/20). There were 7 cases of primipara (35%, 7/20) and 13 cases of multipara (65%, 13/20). (2) Pregnancy complications and maternal and infant outcomes: among the 20 pregnancies of 15 pregnant women with moyamoya disease, there were 9 pregnancy complications (45%, 9/20), including 5 gestational hypertension (25%, 5/20), 2 severe pre-eclampsia (10%, 2/20), 1 hyperlipidemia and 1 gestational diabetes mellitus (5%, 1/20). There were 2 case of drug abortion in the first trimester, 3 cases of labor induction in the second trimester, and 15 cases of delivery during the third trimester. All the 15 deliveries were cesarean section, of which 11 (11/15) were cesarean sections with medical indications, and 4 (4/15) were cesarean sections caused by personal factors. General anesthesia was used in 5 cases (5/15), epidural block anesthesia in 7 cases (7/15), and combined spinal and epidural anesthesia in 3 cases (3/15). The median gestational age of 15 neonates was 37.2 weeks (34.0 to 40.8 weeks), with 10 cases (10/15) were full-term infants, and 5 (5/15) were preterm infants (3 of which were associated with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy). The birth weight of 15 neonates was (2 853±454) g. Four neonates were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), of which 3 cases were admitted to NICU due to premature delivery and 1 case was admitted to NICU due to neonatal jaundice. There was no neonatal asphyxia or death. All neonates were followed up from 4 months to 6 years after birth, and all grew well. (3) Neurological symptoms during pregnancy: 8 cases (40%, 8/20) had neurological symptoms during pregnancy, and 6 cases (30%, 6/20) had hemorrhagic symptoms, of which 3 cases occurred during the puerperal period (3/6). There were 2 cases of ischemic symptoms (10%, 2/20), all of which occurred during the puerperal period (2/2). (4) Analysis of factors related to the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage: the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with moyamoya disease diagnosed before pregnancy was significantly lower than that in those without a clear diagnosis, and the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in women with moyamoya disease was lower than that in primipara (all P<0.01). The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in moyamoya patients without hypertensive disorder complicating pregrancy was lower than that in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregrancy, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: Pregnancy combined with moyamoya disease has adverse effects on maternal and infant outcomes, and the incidence of pregnancy complications increases. Cerebral hemorrhage occurres in prenatal and puperium, while cerebral ischemia occurres mainly in puperium.

Wernekink Commissure Syndrome With Hallucinations and Involuntary Groping:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

Wernekink commissure syndrome is a rare midbrain syndrome with bilateral cerebellar dysfunction,eye movement disorder,and palatal myoclonus.Few cases of this syndrome have been reported in China,let alone those combined with hallucinations and involuntary groping.This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of a case of Wernekink commissure syndrome with hallucinations and involuntary groping,aiming to enrich the knowledge about this disease for clinicians.

EX-PRESS drainage device implantation combined with phacoemulsification for chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma complicated with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of EX-PRESS drainage device implantation combined with phacoemulsification for chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma(CPACG)with cataract and compare with trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification. METHODS: A retrospective case control design was used in this study. The patients underwent combined operation of glaucoma and cataract in the ophthalmology department of our hospital from January 1st, 2017 to January 1st, 2019 were collected and divided into two groups according to different operation methods. The study group(13 cases, 16 eyes)was treated with EX-PRESS drainage device implantation combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The control group(16 cases, 20 eyes)was treated with trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and intraocular pressure(IOP)at 1wk, 1, 3, 6mo after surgery, central anterior chamber depth(ACD)at before surgery, 1, 6mo after surgery, central corneal endothelial cell count, the duration of operation, length of hospital stays after surgery were compared between the two groups. RESULTS:The demography was matched between the two groups(all <i>P</i> >0.05). The number of eyes with visual improvement was significantly raised 6mo after treatment in study group(<i>Z</i>=-2.066,<i>P</i>=0.039). There were no significant differences in BCVA between two groups 6mo after treatment(<i>Z</i>=-0.319,<i>P</i>=0.765). The IOP of study group at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo was significantly lower than that before operation(all <i>P</i><0.001). There were no significant differences in IOP between the two groups(<i>F</i>=0.003, <i>P</i>=0.956). The anterior chamber significantly deepened at 1 and 6mo after operation in two groups respectively(all <i>P</i><0.001). There were no significant differences in ACD and central corneal endothelial cells count between two groups(all <i>P</i>>0.05). The duration of operation was 26.1±4.5min in study group and 31.5±5.1min in control group, which showed significant differences(<i>t</i>=-3.307, <i>P</i>=0.002). The length of stays after surgery was 7.2±1.6d in study group and 7.7±1.5d in control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(<i>t</i>=-0.880, <i>P</i>=0.388). One eye EX-PRESS touched the iris in study group. Since the IOP was normal, it didn't receive therapy. In control group, the anterior chamber of 2 eyes was 2 degrees shallow after surgery, which recovered in 1wk by pupil dilation and pressurized bandage. At 6mo point after operation, one eye in each group was treated with one IOP drop to maintain normal IOP. In control group, one case received EX-PRESS drainage device implantation again 12mo later for recurrent glaucoma, another case underwent ciliary body photocoagulation 8mo later. CONCLUSION: EX-PRESS drainage device combined with phacoemulsification is effective in improving visual acuity and controlling IOP for CPACG, and it takes shorten operation time compared with trabeculectomy combined with phacoemulsification.

Expression of Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0026352 in Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Significance / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 and the clinical characteristics of breast cancer(BC) patients, to evaluate the value of Hsa_circ_0026352 as a diagnostic marker of breast cancer. Methods Human circRNA microarray was used to screen the different expression of circRNAs in BC tissues. qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 in BC tissue and peripheral blood. CircRNA structure were performed by circPrimer1.2 software. T-test, ANOVA analysis, curve regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to determine the diagnostic values of Hsa_circ_0026352. Results Hsa_circ_0026352 was significantly down-regulated in both breast cancer tissues and peripheral blood (P < 0.01). The AUC of Hsa_circ_0026352 were 0.881 in tissues and 0.826 in peripheral blood (both P < 0.01). The relative expression of Hsa_circ_0026352 in peripheral blood of BC cancer patients was negatively correlated with CA153 level (P < 0.05). The AUC of Hsa_circ_0026352 in peripheral blood of patients with ER positive, early stage breast cancer and breast neoplasm metastasis were 0.710, 0.771 and 0.722 (all P < 0.01), respectively. Conclusion Hsa_circ_0026352 could be a novel predictive biomarker for diagnosis of BC.

The application of multi-teaching mode based on MOOC in the practice course of epidemiology / 上海预防医学

At present， there is little research on the new teaching mode for the practice course of epidemiology. Based on the situation， this paper mainly discussed how the MOOC （Massive Open Online Course）-based multi-teaching mode was applied to the practice course of Epidemiology. The structure of this multi- teaching mode consisted of case base construction， class preparation， class presentation and learning evaluation. Thus， MOOC， flipped Class Mode and other new teaching modes were integrated into traditional face-to-face teaching. In addition， this paper also demonstrated the implementation of the multi-teaching mode in the teaching of preventive medicine. It is worth exploring how to integrate MOOC into the teaching of the practice course of epidemiology in the future.

Clinical features and follow-up results of boys and girls with systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparative analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical features and follow-up results of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) between boys and girls.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 79 children (18 boys and 61 girls), aged ≤14 years, who were diagnosed with SLE from 2008 to 2018. The boys and the girls were compared in terms of initial and major clinical symptoms, injury of organs/systems, related laboratory markers, and follow-up results.@*RESULTS@#As for the initial and non-initial symptoms, fever had the highest incidence rate in the boys, while facial erythema had the highest incidence rate in the girls. The boys tended to develop renal injury and hematological damage (P80%) of anti-nuclear antibody, dsDNA, complement C3, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in both boys and girls (P>0.05). The boys had a significantly higher disease activity than the girls at the first visit and in year 9 of follow-up (P<0.05). A one-month to ten-year follow-up showed that among the boys, 3 were lost to follow-up, 1 died, 7 were well controlled but required oral administration of large doses of hormones or immunosuppression, 2 progressed to chronic renal failure, and 1 developed lupus encephalopathy. Among the girls, 3 were lost to follow-up; 5 died; 34 were well controlled, among whom 5 were maintained on oral prednisone acetate with a dose of <10 mg, 1 was withdrawn from the drug for 1 year, and 2 were withdrawn from the drug for 2 years; 4 developed lupus encephalopathy; 1 developed depression and anxiety and had suicidal tendency in the 7th year after disease onset; 2 experienced impaired vision, blurred vision, and chloropsia; 1 developed a vascular necrosis of both femoral heads in the 3rd year of hormone administration.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are differences in clinical features, several laboratory markers, and prognosis between boys and girls with SLE. Boys tend to have a high severity at disease onset, develop renal injury and hematological damage, and have poor long-term prognosis, while girls tend to have joint involvement.

Preliminary investigation on arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi of cultivated Panax quinquefolium roots / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the infection of root arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF of Panax quinquefolium in Shandong province was investigated, and the distribution characteristics and infection regularity of AMF were found out. The AMF of P. quinquefolium roots in different habitats was examined by alkali dissociation-trypickin blue staining method to study the infection rate and infection intensity. The contents of ginsenoside(Rb_1, Re, Rg_1, Rb_2, Rd and Rh_1) in the roots of P. quinquefolium was determined by HPLC. The experimental data were SPSS 17.0 statistical software for One-way analysis of variance, cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that the AMF infection in roots of P. quinquefolium, and there were obvious structures such as hyphae, arbuscular branches and vesicles, and the AMF infection rate and infection intensity showed obvious spatial and temporal heterogeneity with the growth age and origin of P. quinquefolium. The infection rate of AMF in roots of P. quinquefolium from 1 to 3 years increased significantly with the increase of growth years(P<0.05). The infection intensity and infection rate of P. quinquefolium showed a similar change trend, the AMF infection rate and infection intensity reached the highest level in the third year. Cluster analysis showed that the infection rates of roots of P. quinquefolium in similar geographical locations could be clustered together. Correlation analysis showed that the AMF infection rate of P. quinquefolium root was significantly positively correlated with the infection intensity, and the AMF infection rate and infection intensity were significantly positively correlated with the contents of ginsenoside Rg_1, Re and Rb_1. This study explored the distribution characteristics and regularity of AMF in roots of P. quinquefolium under the protected cultivation conditions, and provided basic data for ecological cultivation of P. quinquefolium and research and development of biological bacterial fertilizer.

Long-term efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture on improving MMSE in patients with Alzheimer's disease / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) on improving mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to evaluate the efficacy during follow-up visit.@*METHODS@#Forty patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, 20 patients in each one (3 patients dropped off in the treatment group and 4 patients in the control group). The patients in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Shenting (GV 24), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Shangyintang (Extra 3) and Dazhong (KI 14); besides, EA was applied at Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Baihui (GV 20) and Shenting (GV 24) with dilatational wave, 10 Hz/50 Hz in frequency, 0.5 to 5.0 mA in intensity, once every two days, three treatments per week. The patients in the control group were treated with oral administration of donepezil hydrochloride tablets, once a day, taken before sleep. The treatment was given for 12 weeks in the two groups. The MMSE was evaluated before treatment, 12 weeks±3 days into treatment, and 24 weeks±7 days after treatment, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The difference of total score of MMSE before and 12 weeks±3 days into treatment was not significant between the two groups (>0.05); the total score of MMSE after treatment was higher than that before treatment (both <0.05); compared before treatment, the short-term memory score was increased in the treatment group (<0.05), and the increasing range was superior to that in the control group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, the total score of MMSE in the two groups were reduced 24 weeks ±7 days after treatment (both <0.05), and the reduction in the treatment group was less than that in the control group (<0.05); the differences of short-term memory score before and after treatment was significant between the two groups (<0.05). No adverse reaction occurred in the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The effect of EA on improving MMSE in patients with AD is similar to donepezil supported by evidence-based medicine. The effect of EA may have a certain continuous effect, and may have advantages in instantaneous memory. In addition, the EA is safe.

Prostaglandin E receptors differentially regulate the output of proinflammatory cytokines in myometrial cells from term pregnant women / 生理学报

Prostaglandin (PG) E plays critical roles during pregnancy and parturition. Emerging evidence indicates that human labour is an inflammatory event. We sought to investigate the effect of PGE on the output of proinflammatory cytokines in cultured human uterine smooth muscle cells (HUSMCs) from term pregnant women and elucidate the role of subtypes of PGE receptors (EP, EP, EP and EP). After drug treatment and/or transfection of each receptor siRNA, the concentrations of inflammatory secreting factors in HUSMCs culture medium were detected by the corresponding ELISA kits. The results showed that, PGE increased interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) output, decreased chemokine (c-x-c motif) ligand 8 (CXCL8) output in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on IL-1β and chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2) secretion of HUSMCs. EP/EP agonist 17-phenyl-trinor-PGE stimulated IL-6 and TNFα whilst suppressing IL-1β and CXCL8 output. The effects of 17-phenyl-trinor-PGE on IL-1β and CXCL8 secretion were remained whereas its effect on IL-6 and TNFα output did not occur in the cells with EP knockdown. The stimulatory effects of 17-phenyl-trinor-PGE on IL-6 and TNFα were remained whereas the inhibitory effects of 17-phenyl-trinor-PGE on IL-1β secretion was blocked in the cells with EP knockdown. Either of EP and EP agonists stimulated IL-1β and TNFα output, which was reversed by EP and EP siRNA, respectively. The inhibitors of phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) blocked EP/EP modulation of TNFα and CXCL8 output. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and P38 inhibitor SB202190 blocked 17-phenyl-trinor-PGE-induced IL-1β and IL-6 output, respectively. The inhibitors of adenylyl cyclase and PKA prevented EP and EP stimulation of IL-1β and TNFα output, whereas PLC and PKC inhibitors blocked EP- and EP-induced TNFα output but not IL-1β output. Our data suggest that PGE receptors exhibit different effects on the output of various cytokines in myometrium, which can subtly modulate the inflammatory microenvironment in myometrium during pregnancy.

Key Points and Strategies of Textual Research in Development of Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Textual research is the first step, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the clinical application, and also one of the main bases for determining the research scheme and experimental parameters in the development of famous classical formulas. It involves the origin and historical evolution of the prescription, the main function, the meaning of the prescription, the decoction method, as well as the original part, origin, dosage, processing method of the medicinal materials in the prescription. In view of these points, the author believes that the ancient and modern literature information should be comprehensively and accurately collected according to the standardized procedures and methods, combined with the historical continuation and cross-sectional analysis, in order to ensure the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) famous classical formulas. The research and development plan of famous classical formulas was formulated from the perspectives of TCM theoretical characteristics, formula historical evolution, modern clinical value and practical feasibility. Under the premise of "compliance with the ancients", we should understand the common problems in the process of research and development, such as the origin, processing, dosage and decoction of TCM from the perspective of history and development, so as to widely gather the industry consensus and jointly explore the precious treasure of the famous classical formulas.

Shenxiong Glucose Injection inhibits H_2O_2-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells by activating PI3K/AKT pathway / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to explore the mechanism of Shenxiong Glucose Injection antagonizing apoptosis of H9 c2 cells induced by H_2O_2. H9 c2 cells were pretreated with 1. 7%,3. 4% and 6. 8% Shenxiong Glucose Injection,and then H_2O_2 was introduced to induce apoptosis in vitro. Cell viability was detected by MTS assay,morphological changes of apoptosis were observed by AO/EB fluorescence staining,apoptosis rate was detected by Annexin/PI method,cell expression profile was detected by gene chip technology,the mRNA of PIK3 CA,Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-3 and GAPDH were detected by qRT-PCR,the protein expression levels of PIK3 CA,AKT,P-AKT,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot,and the contents of LDH and MDA were detected by kit. The results showed that Shenxiong Glucose Injection of different concentrations significantly increased the viability of H9 c2 cells treated with H_2O_2( P<0. 01),and reversed H_2O_2-induced apoptosis( P< 0. 01). The microarray experiments showed that 138 genes were altered in H9 c2 cells after treatment with Shenxiong Glucose Injection. The differential expression fold of PIK3 CA associated with PI3 K/AKT pathway was 3. 59. The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot showed that Shenxiong Glucose Injection could down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of caspase-3( P<0. 01),up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression level of PIK3 CA and Bcl-2( P<0. 01),and up-regulate the phosphorylation levels of AKT( P<0. 01) in H_2O_2-treated H9 c2 cells. The protective effect of Shenxiong Glucose Injection on H_2O_2 cells injury was significantly inhibited by LY294002,a PI3 K/AKT pathway inhibitor. The results suggested that Shenxiong Glucose Injection may inhibit H_2O_2-induced H9 c2 cells apoptosis by regulating PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway.

Diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing pneumonia in 32 children with flexible bronchoscopy / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of flexible bronchoscopy in children with necro⁃tizing pneumonia. METHODS: Clinical data of children diagnosed with necrotizing pneumonia in the Department of Pedi⁃atrics of the First Hospital of Jilin University from December 2016 to December 2017 were collected. The general clini⁃cal manifestations,laboratory examination results,chest X-ray or lung CT,flexible bronchoscope and other examinations of all the children were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the characteristics,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis,the ad⁃vantages of flexible bronchoscopy in this disease were analyzed. RESULTS: All the 32 cases were diagnosed as necrotizing pneumonia by imaging examination,with an average diagnosis time of 14.1 d. All 32 cases of children with necrotizing pneumonia received flexible bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage. The alveolar lavage in 32 cases presented turbidity mito⁃ta-like changes,which had high sensitivity in the diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia. The average time for mitota-like changes in alveolar lavage was 6.7 days. CONCLUSION: Flexible bronchoscopy is an important method in the diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing pneumonia,and the change of alveolar lavage fluid is a sensitive index for early prediction of necrotizing pneumonia.

BioinformaticsAnalysisofProstaticCarcinomaViaBig-Data / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 The two databases，GEO（gene expression omnibus，GEO）and TCGA（the cancer genome alas ，TCGA），were analyzed using bioinformatics methods to screen differentially expressed genes associated and their related regulatory networks in prostate carcinoma. 【Methods】 The prostate carcinoma gene expression chip data （GSE46602 ，GSE55945） downloaded from the GEO database were integrated into the RNA- seq data of the TCGA database. And the differentially expressed genes analysis was performed using GEO2R and the edgeR package of R software to extract common significant differentially expressed genes. The clusterProfiler package of R software was used to enrich the GO（gene ontology ，GO）function enrichment analysis and KEGG（kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes， KEGG）pathway analysis. Differentially expressed genes were further constructed into a protein-protein interaction（PPI） network to screen out key genes for regulatory protein expression in prostate carcinoma. Gene analysis results were combined with TCGA clinical follow-up data to analyze the clinical prognostic value of key node genes. 【Results】A total of 278 significant differentially expressed genes were extracted，of which 178 genes were down- regulated and 100 genes were up-regulated. These genes were closely associated with the function and pathway enrichment such as the regulation of proliferation of epithelial cells，metabolism of benzene- containing compounds，the glutathione metabolism，and focal adhesion. The protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed three key protein expression modules and 12 key node genes. Among these key genes，EDN3（endothelin-3），EDNRB（endothelin receptor B）and AMACR（alpha-methylacyl- coa racemase）were closely related to the survival rate of prostate cancer patients. 【Conclusion】Through bioinformatics analysis of gene chip and RNA-seq data in prostate carcinoma，we found that EDN3，EDNRB and AMACR may play an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate carcinoma.

Effects of dezocine-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia on perioperative signs, serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 in liver cancer patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation

Objective: To analyse the impact of dezocine-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia on perioperative signs, serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] in liver cancer patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation [RFA]

Study Design: An experimental study

Place And Duration Of Study: Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, from January 2017 to February 2018

Methodology: Eighty patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma [SHCC] were selected as the research object. They were divided into Group A and Group B with the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. Group A were given dezocine-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia and Group B were given midazolam-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia. Patients' situations in the surgery were compared between the two groups. Changes in heart rate [HR], mean arterial pressure [MAP] and blood oxygen saturation [SpO₂] were recorded before the surgery [T₀], at 5 minutes after the RFA [T₁] and at the end of the RFA [T₂]. Levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha; [TNF-alpha;] and interleukin-6 [IL-6] on the 1² day after the RFA were compared between the two groups

Results: The wake-up time in Group A was shorter than Group B [p<0.001], and the VAS pain score in Group A was lower than Group B [p<0.001]. At T₁, the MAP in Group A was higher than Group B [p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in MAP between the two groups at T₀ and T₂ [p=0.881, 0.696, respectively]. At T₁ and T₂, the HR in Group A was lower than Group B [all p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in HR between the two groups at T₀ [p=0.684]. There was no significant difference in SpO₂ between the two groups at T₀, T₁ and T₂ [p=0.654, 0.884 and 0.798, respectively]. On the 1st day after the RFA, the level of TNF-alpha;, IL-6 in Group A were lower than those of Group B [all p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative complications between the two groups [p=0.644]

Conclusion: Compared with midazolam-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia, the dezocine-remifentanil method has a better analgesic effect, shorter wake-up time, and can effectively regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha; and IL-6. However, the effect of remifentanil on the respiratory function is dose-dependent. Therefore, respiratory cycle monitoring and management should be strengthened during the surgery

Value of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase combined with direct bilirubin in the diagnosis of biliary atresia in infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the value of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) combined with direct bilirubin (DB) in the diagnosis of biliary atresia.@*METHODS@#A total of 667 infants with cholestasis who were hospitalized and treated from July 2010 to December 2018 were enrolled as subjects. According to the results of intraoperative cholangiography and follow-up, they were divided into biliary atresia group with 234 infants and cholestasis group with 433 infants. The two groups were compared in terms of age of onset, sex, and serum levels of total bilirubin (TB), DB, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bile acid (TBA), and GGT. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for indices with statistical significance, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and the optimal cut-off value for diagnosis were calculated.@*RESULTS@#The biliary atresia group had a significantly younger age of onset than the cholestasis group (P0.05), while the biliary atresia group had significantly higher serum levels of TB, DB, TBA, and GGT than the cholestasis group (P<0.05). GGT combined with DB had the highest AUC of 0.892 (95% confidence interval: 0.868-0.916) in the diagnosis of biliary atresia. At the optimal cut-off values of 324.0 U/L for GGT and 115.1 μmmol/L for DB, GGT combined with DB had a sensitivity of 79.8% and a specificity of 83.2% in the diagnosis of biliary atresia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GGT combined with DB has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of biliary atresia and can be used as an effective indicator for diagnosis of biliary atresia in infants.

Measures for Maintaining the Vitality of Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells in vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the maintaining measures for the vitality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in vitro, so as provide technical support for ultra long distance transport of HSC collected from unrelated donors.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells (PBHSC) were treated by different methods according to various groups, then stored at 4 ℃ in the refrigerator. The percentage of CD34 cells, relative cell activity, relative cell proliferation rate, relative colony-forming rate, oxygen fraction and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after storage of PBHSC respectively.@*RESULTS@#The percentage of CD34 cells during 72 h storage did not altered. Along with the prolonging of storage time, the relative cell activity, relative cell proliferation rate and relative colony-forming rate gradually decreased in untreated PBHSC(control group), the related coefficients were -0.796, -0.883 and -0.815 respectively. Plasma dilution, antioxidants and oxygenation could improve the relative cell activity and relative cell proliferation rate, but oxygenation could decrease the relative colony-forming rate of PBHSC. The combination of 2 or 3 factors showed stronger protection effects on PBHSC. The intracellular level of ROS decreased gradually with the prolonging of storage time. Oxygenation of PBHSC could increase oxygen fraction, and also increase the intracellular level of ROS at the same time. The addition of antioxidants could reduce the level of ROS.@*CONCLUSION@#The percentage of CD34 cells can not serve as the indicator of PBHSC vitality. Plasma dilution, oxygenation and antioxidants can increase the survival and viability of PBHSC, but oxygenation can increase the intracellular ROS level and impair colony-forming ability of PBHSC. The combination of multiple factors can maintain the vitality of PBHSC better.

Relationship between Depression and Quality of Life in Patients with Severe Obesity / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the depression status and quality of life (QoL) of patients with severe obesity who have undergone bariatric surgery and to evaluate their potential correlation.Methods A total of 50 patients with severe obesity who had undergone elective bariatric surgery in the general surgical ward of Peking Union Medical College from January 2013 to December 2017 were enrolled in this study. The general data were collected. The patient's depression status and QoL were assessed by the Zung's Depression Self-Assessment Scale and the SF-36 Quality of Life Scale,respectively.Results The depression score was (44.85±9.07) scores in these 50 patients,including 38 patients (76%) without depression and 12 (24%) with mild depression. The scores of the mental-emotional,physical,psychomotor,and psychological barrier dimensions of patients with severe obesity were (3.70±1.25),(18.65±4.10),(4.25±1.35),and (18.75±5.46)scores,respectively. The physiological function score of patients with mild depression was (95.83±10.21)scores,which was significantly higher than those without depression (68.42±38.95) scores(F=6.209,P=0.011). The vitality and mental health scores were (46.67±14.72) and (57.33±14.68) scores in patients with mild depression,which were significantly lower than those [(65.79±21.94) (F=4.867,P=0.030) and (75.16±17.21) scores (F=0.212,P=0.032)] in patients without depression. Correlation analysis showed that the mental-emotional score was positively correlated with physical score in patients with severe obesity (r=0.503,P=0.015),whereas the depression score was negatively correlated with the general health status (r=-0.430,P=0.032),vitality (r=-0.594,P=0.002),social functioning (r=-0.455,P=0.022),mental health (r=-0.562,P=0.003),and QoL score (r=-0.439,P=0.028).Conclusions The QoL is remarkably affected by depression in patients with severe obesity before surgery. Assessment of the mental status of patients with severe obesity may help to identify this problem and thus improve the QoL.

Effect of RNA interference on WD101 gene of Schistosoma japonicum

Objective: To study the effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on WD101 gene and its effect on the expression of WD101 mRNA and protein in Schistosoma japonicum. Methods: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) WD101 gene and control gene (lacZ) were generated by in vitro transcription and transfected into mechanically transformed schistosomula. The total RNA and protein were isolated simultaneously using TRIzol reagent. The expression levels of mRNA and the protein were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. After injected dsRNA-electroporated schistosomula into BALB/c mouse six weeks, the male and female reproductive organs were observed and measured under the confocal laser scanning microscope. Results: After 1, 3 and 5 d of RNAi, WD101 mRNA level was decreased by 15%, 39%, and 58% in experiment group compared to that in control group; meanwhile, WD101 protein level was decreased by 11%, 28%, and 43% in experiment group compared to that in control group. There were significantly more sperms in testicular lobes in experiment group than that in control group, while there were no significant differences in terms of ovary and vitelline glands between two groups. Conclusions: The dsWD101-RNAi can effectively induce suppression of WD101 gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels. WD101 gene might be a reproduction-related gene in Schistosoma japonicum.